Focusing on the Merseburg process: Benefits on …
The authors propose converting this waste into ammonium sulfate by the process called Merseburg (Ammonia-carbonation) [120, 121]. Recently, based on this …
The wet conversion of phosphogypsum by ammonium …
Also, the steps followed through the Merseburg process can affect the efficiency of the PG conversion. 2.2 The PG conversion by (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 prepared from the reaction between NH 3 and CO 2 gaseous
The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial …
Ammono-carbonation reaction of any kind of gypsum (pure, PG or FGD gypsum) with ammonium carbonate known as Merseburg Process is used to produce …
Focusing on the Merseburg process: benefits on …
Products are ammonium sulfate, a well-desired nitrogenous fertilizer and CaCO 3, a functional filler material utilized in various kinds of industries. The Merseburg …
Capture and storage of CO2 into waste phosphogypsum: the …
We evaluated the chemical sequestration of carbon dioxide into the phosphogypsum from the Lowveld region of South Africa. The phosphogypsum was converted to saleable ammonium sulphate and precipitated calcium carbonate in a modified Merseburg process. The heat from the ammonium carbonate formation …
Capture and storage of CO2 into waste phosphogypsum: …
ammonium sulphate produced was in the range 1.2–3.3 mm. They also estimated that a compaction unit to produce granules of ammonium sulphate as usually required by the fertiliser industry would make the process uneconomical. In this study, we carried out a bench scale technical fea-sibility of the Merseburg process modified by omitting the CO
Phosphogypsum Two-Step Ammonia-Carbonation Resulting in Ammonium
We describe herein a detailed study on the effect of molar ratio MR = n(OH−)/n(Ca2+) on the Phosphogypsum (PG) waste ammonia-carbonation process. The use of an aqueous NH3 solution/gaseous CO2 mixture as an alternative and environmental medium compared with other mediums [(NH4)2CO3 for example] is proposed for CO2 …
Merseburg Process
posted on 7-9-2012 at 08:49. Merseburg Process. In light of all of the copper sulfate and sulfuric acid synthesis question threads, I was thinking that a discussion of a kitchen-friendly version of the Merseburg Process (or rather, the Ammonium Carbonate-Gypsum Process) would be in order. Merseburg Process: (NH4)2CO3 + CaSO4 --> (NH4)2SO4 …
Temperature profile of ammonium carbonate formation in …
The phosphogypsum was converted to saleable ammonium sulphate and precipitated calcium carbonate in a modified Merseburg process. The heat from the ammonium carbonate formation exothermicity ...
Prarancangan Pabrik Ammonium Sulfat Dari Ammonia, …
The Merseburg process begins with the reaction between ammonia and carbon dioxide in a carbonation tower (AB-01) which will produce ammonium carbonate. Then, in the CSTR reactor (R-01), the resulting ammonium carbonate will be reacted with gypsum to produce ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate products.
The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial …
The Merseburg process is also known as the ammonia-car - bonation reaction, and was first developed in Germany between 1913 and 1918. In 1923, production started in the United Kingdom and Korea. The first plant to use PG in the Merseburg process in 1942 was in Selzeate, France. In the 1950s and 1960s, plants in Germany, India, Pakistan,
Red gypsum utilization and acidic wastewater treatment
It is often called the Merseburg process that the production of ammonium sulfate by gypsum. And there have been some researches on the conversion of waste gypsum, such as PG (Msila et al., 2016), red gypsum (Azdarpour et al., 2018) and FGD gypsum (Danielik et al., 2019). However, most of the current researches focus on the …
Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from
Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been calculated and used to estimate a market price for the product. The average market price of granular ammonium sulfate ($138/ton) exceeds the rough …
Focusing on the Merseburg process: benefits on industrial
Products are ammonium sulfate, a well-desired nitrogenous fertilizer and CaCO3, a functional filler material utilized in various kinds of industries. The Merseburg process allows dual environmental benefits by allowing the consumption of an industrial by-product and performing CO2 capture technology, both contributing to sustainable …
Revisiting the Merseburg Process: Economic …
The process for manufacture of ammonium sulfate from gypsum, known as the Merseburg Process, named for the town in Germany where it was developed, has been …
Study on The Production of Ammonium Sulfate Fertlizer …
The production of ammonium sulfate fert ilizer from phosphogypsum is studied. The phosphogypsum is considered by prod uct from extraction process of sulphoric acid. The mereseberg process is used a waste of phosphogypsum with ammonium carbonate to produce ammonium sulfate as a main product and calcium carbonate as a byproduct. It …
MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FROM GYPSUM
OF THE DISCLOSURE Ammonium sulfate is manufactured from gypsum by a 15 continuous process in which an aqueous flow of material is continously recycled along a predetermined closed cir cuit defined by a conduit and a wider vessel connected in series. A fresh aqueous gypsum slurry comprising a dis persion of finely divided gypsum in an …
Chemical composition of phosphogypsum prior and after …
Although an ammonium sulphate production is foreseen with the evaluation of carbon dioxide and phosphogypsum waste with the Merseburg process, the effect of the impurity content of the waste ...
Focusing on the Merseburg process: Benefits on Industrial
The authors propose converting this waste into ammonium sulfate by the process called Merseburg (Ammonia-carbonation) [120, 121]. Recently, based on this process, a study has been conducted on the ...
Capture and storage of CO2 into waste phosphogypsum: …
Chou et al. (1996) concluded that the Merseburg process was also economically viable, although the crystal size of ammonium sulphate produced was in the range 1.2–3.3
The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial …
The Merseburg process is also known as the ammonia-car - bonation reaction, and was first developed in Germany between 1913 and 1918. In 1923, production started in the …
The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial …
The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial Decarbonisation and Waste..., Kem. Ind. 71 (9-10) (2022) 633−638 633 ... process, the produced ammonium sulphate is among the
Figure 1 from The Role of the Merseburg Process in …
Fig. 1 – Schematic illustration of industrial-scale Merseburg Process37 - "The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial Decarbonisation and Waste …
Focusing on the Merseburg process: benefits on industrial
Products are ammonium sulfate, a well-desired nitrogenous fertilizer and CaCO 3, a functional filler material utilized in various kinds of industries. The Merseburg process allows dual environmental benefits by allowing the consumption of an industrial by-product and performing CO 2 capture technology, both contributing to sustainable ...
Ammonium Sulfate
3.3.4 Ammonium Sulfate. Ammonium sulfate ( (NH4) 2 SO 4) is an inorganic salt with a number of commercial uses. The most common use is as a soil fertilizer since the chemical contains 21% (w/w) nitrogen and 24% (w/w) sulfur. The chemical has also been used in flame retardant chemicals because, as a flame retardant, it increases the combustion ...
merseburg process ammonium sulfate
Revisiting The Merseburg Process Economic Opportunity and … Web• To produce one short ton ammonium sulphate (FIPR 2006) Raw material and utilities requirements Ammonia 0.3 ton Gypsum 1.6 ton Carbon dioxide 0.4 ton Sulphuric acid 0.005 ton Cooling water (make-up) 1700 gal Power 75 kW-hr Coal 0.17 ton Process water 770 gal Steam …
Revisiting the Merseburg Process: Economic …
•To produce one short ton ammonium sulphate (FIPR 2006) •Total cost: < $100/ton including raw materials, operating and plant capital. Raw material and utilities requirements Ammonia 0.3 ton Gypsum 1.6 ton Carbon dioxide 0.4 ton Sulphuric acid 0.005 ton Cooling water (make-up) 1700 gal Power 75 kW-hr Coal 0.17 ton Process water 770 gal Steam ...
Investigation of phosphogypsum valorization by the …
Merseburg Process. As it was first carried out on an industrial scale in Merseburg (Germany), often referred to as the Merseburg process or the ammono-carbonation reaction of gypsum with ammonium ...
Kinetics of the conversion reaction of gypsum with ammonium carbonate
Ammonium sulfate can be ... The phosphogypsum was converted to saleable ammonium sulphate and precipitated calcium carbonate in a modified Merseburg process. The heat from the ammonium carbonate ...
Investigation of phosphogypsum valorization by the integration …
The proposal of a method for converting the phosphogypsum (PG) waste remains the focus of many researchers since its quantity, growing considerably, is causing serious environmental problems. In the present study, PG was converted into lithium sulfate and calcium sulfate solids in a continuous process through the integration of the …
General schematic of the experimental methodology
Ammono-carbonation reaction of any kind of gypsum (pure, PG or FGD gypsum) with ammonium carbonate known as Merseburg Process is used to produce ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate.
Sciencemadness Discussion Board
Merseburg Process In light of all of the copper sulfate and sulfuric acid synthesis question threads, I was thinking that a discussion of a kitchen-friendly version of the Merseburg Process (or rather, the Ammonium Carbonate-Gypsum Process) would be in order. Merseburg Process: (NH4)2CO3 + CaSO4 --> (NH4)2SO4 + CaCO3
Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of ammonium sulfate …
Ammonium sulfate is used as a fertilizer because it supplies nitrogen and sulfur for plant nutrients. It can be obtained by three processes: as recovery from coke oven, a by-product from caprolactum and gypsum process. Natural gypsum fulfills the demands of the cement industries and is used by farmers as a direct fertilizer for reconditioning of …
A Review on Ammono-Carbonation Reactions: Focusing …
Ammono-carbonation reaction of any kind of gypsum (pure, PG or FGD gypsum) with ammonium carbonate known as Merseburg Process is used to produce ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate. This study focuses on a brief review of describing the reaction sequence, thermodynamics, and mechanism, as well as operating conditions …
Figure 1 from The Role of the Merseburg Process in …
Fig. 1 – Schematic illustration of industrial-scale Merseburg Process37 - "The Role of the Merseburg Process in Industrial Decarbonisation and Waste Evaluation" ... The production of ammonium sulfate fert ilizer from phosphogypsum is studied. The phosphogypsum is considered by prod uct from extraction process of sulphoric acid.
Kinetics of the conversion reaction of gypsum with ammonium …
Moreover, as aforementioned, ammonium sulfate is more desired product today than in the past, which positively influences its price. The latter together with capture and storage of CO 2 are reasons for a continuous interest for improvements and modifications of the Merseburg process; see papers published recently: Azdarpour et …
Ammonium sulfate Merseburg
Ammonium carbonate, formed by the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide in an aqueous medium, reacts with suspended, finely ground gypsum. Insoluble calcium carbonate and an ammonium sulfate solution are formed. [Pg.368] Merseburg A process for making ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum. The gypsum is slurried with water …